Chapter 4—Far-Reaching Influence of the Home

21

tydkif; (2)

&yfuGuftusKd;aqmiftvif;a&mif

23

tcef; 4

xda&mufaomtdrfaxmif\MoZmoufa&mufrI

       c&pf,meftdrfaxmifonfo½kyfjyoifcef;pmazmfjy\ – tdrfaxmif\vkyfief;onf rdom;pkwdkY\pnf;0dkif;wpfzufodkY ausmfeif; wdk;csJUoGm;onf/ c&pf,meftdrfaxmifonf yHkpHerlemazmfjyaomXme jzpf&rnf/ ,if;azmfjyjcif;onf urÇmay:wGifaumif;usKd;udkûyaom tiftm;jzpfvmvdrfhrnf/ ¤if;uJhodkYtdrfaxmifrsKd;rS xGufcGmoGm;aom vli,fwdkYonf olwdkYoifMum;cJhaomtdrfaxmifrsm;ü ydkrdkjrihfjrwfaom  b0 &yfwnfrIqdkif&musihf0wfrsm;udk oGwfoGif;vmMuí &yfuGufwGif; tajctaejr§ifhwifay;aom MoZmoufa&mufrIonf touf0ifvm avonf/

         tdrfoltdrfom;wdkYonf ,Ofaus;acsiHjcif;jzihf c&pf,mefyDopGm tm;xkwfaqmif&Gufygu aumif;usKd;csrf;omrsm;pGm jzpfxGef;vdrfhrnf/ ,if;tdrfoltdrfom;rsm;\atmifjrifrIudk tjcm;aomrdom;pkwdkYonf txl;tm½Hkpdkufí twk,lMuvdrfhrnfjzpf&m pmwef\aoG;aqmif jzm;a,mif;jcif;udkvnf; wGef;vSefumuG,fEdkifMuvdrfhrnf/

         bk&m;ocif\tvdkawmfpdk;rdk;aomtdrfaxmifudk aumif;uifwref rsm;wdkYonf rMumcPtvnftywfvma&mufMuvdrfhrnf/ bk&m;ocif \aus;Zl;wefcdk;tmedoifaMumihf ,if;uJhodkYaomtdrfaxmifrsKd;onf armyef;EGrf;e,faomtm*EÅKrsm;twGuf tm;jznfhonfhXmersm;jzpfvmonf/ Ekd;Edk;Mum;Mum;apmihfxdef;xm;jcif;tm;jzihf twåpdwfudkcsKyfwnf; ESdrfeif; xm;&rnf/ rSefaomtusihf”avhrsm;udk vdkufemusihfoHk;&rnf/ olwpfyg; wdkY\tcGihfta&;udk owd&SdpGmjzihf todtrSwfûy&rnf/ arwåm tm;jzihfvkyf aqmifí pdwf0dnmOfudkpifMu,fapaom ,HkMunfjcif;onf yJhudkifcsKyf xm;onf/ ,if;tdrfaxmifrsKd;\t&Sdeft0gaMumihf bk&m;ocif\

                                         pHjytdrfaxmif                             24

EIwfawmfxGufxJürSwfxm;aom nDtpfudkcsif;aygif;oif;qufqHrI qdkif&mtusihfrsm;udk ydkrdkus,fjyefYpGmtodtrSwfûyí vdkufemusihfoHk;\/

        pnf;urf;pepf&Sdaomrdom;pk\MoZmoufa&mufrI – c&pf,mefr[kwfaomvlae&yfuGufwGif bk&m;ocif\ynwfawmfudk apmifhxdef;aom a,½I&Sif\udk,fpm;vS,fawmfrsm;taejzifh &yfwnf aerIonf rdom;pkwpfcktwGuf ao;i,faomudpör[kwfay/ uREfkyfwdkY onf vltaygif;wdkYodí zwfwwfaompmjzpf&rnf/ ,if;tajctaeü BuD;av;aomwm0efrsm; tusKH;0ifaeonf/ pnf;urf;ao0yfaom rdom;pkonf a[majymEdkifaom”r®a’oemtaygif;xuf omvGefydkrdkí c&pfawmf\trIawmfudk aqmif&Guf&ma&mufygonf/ ,if;rdom;pk\ rdcifESihfzcifwdkYonf bk&m;ocif\vrf;ñTefrIudk aumif;pGmvdkufavQmuf atmifjrifaMumif; xif&Sm;onfhtjyif ¤if;wdkY\om;orD;rsm;onfvnf; toif;awmf\trIawmfudk aqmif&GufMuvdrfhrnf/ olwdkYonf vufcH &&SdMuonfESihftrQ a0iSMuolrsm;jzpfaomaMumihf olwdkY\MoZmtmPm onfvnf; &ifhoefvmvdrfhrnf/

         om;orD;wdkYonf rdbwdkYtwGuf taxmuftuljzpfMuonf/ tb,faMumihfqdkaomf rdom;pküolwdkY&&SdaomqHk;rMo0g’udk olwpfyg; wdkYtm; vufqifhurf;a0iSMuonf/ olwdkYaexdkif&mt&yfywf0ef;usif wpfckvHk;onf olwdkYxHrS ,if;a0iSay;urf;rI\aumif;usKd;udk cHpm; Mu&onf/ ,if;aumif;usKd;udkcHpm;&rIaMumihf olwdkYonf ,ckb0ESihf xm0&umvtwGuf yg&rDwdk;yGm;MuavNyD/ rdom;pkwpfckvHk;onf olwdkYonf t&SifociftrIawmfudk xrf;aqmifaeMuavNyD/ olwdkY\ bk&m;w&m;udk ½dkaoaomyHkoufaotm;jzihf udk,fawmf&Sif\odk;pk? vSaomodk;pkESihfqufqH&mwGif bk&m;ociftay:ü opöm&SdpGmjzihf atmifjrifpGmaqmif&Guf&ef tm;ay;wdkufwGef;rI&&SdMuonf/

                  xda&mufaomtdrfaxmif\MoZmoufa&mufrI            25

         avmuBuD;tm;wifjy&ef c&pf,mefbmomwefcdk;tmedoif\ tBuD;rm;qHk;aom taxmuftxm;onf pnf;urf;pepf&Sdí pnf;urf; ao0yfaomrdom;pkjzpfonf/ tjcm;b,ft&mrQ or®mw&m;udkray;Edkif aomaxmufcHcsufrsKd;udk ,if;rdom;pkrsKd;uay;vdrfhrnf/ tb,faMumihf qdkaomf ,if;rdom;pkrsKd;onf pdwfESvHk;ay:ü ,if;\vufawGUtmedoif &SdaMumif;jyoonfh touf&SifaomoufaocHjzpfonf/

         tdrfaxmifwpfckü vdkufemusihfoHk;aeaom c&pf,meft,l0g’ü tusKd;oufa&mufrItwGuf taumif;qHk;pl;prf;csufonf ,if;t,l0g’ MoZmoufa&mufrIaMumihf jzpfay:&&Sdaompm&dwårsKd;jzpfonf/ bk&m;w&m; jrJygonf[k EIwftm;jzihftpGrf;ukefoufaocHjcif;xuf tûytrlrsm;u ydkítus,favmifqHk;aomtoHrsKd;jzihfoufaocHonf/

         urÇmay:ü uREfkyfwdkY\vkyfief;rSm rdrdwdkY\om;orD;rsm;ESihf tdrfaxmifrsm;onf tjcm;aomtdrfaxmifrsm;tay: aumif;rGefaom MoZmoufa&mufrI&Sdap&ef olwdkYtm; rnfonfhaumif;jrwfaom t&nftcsif;rsm;udk oifMum;ay;&rnfjzpfaMumif;udk &SmazGqufqH&ef jzpfygonf/ odkYrSomvQif uREfkyfwdkYtaejzihf w&m;a[mpifjrihfay:odkY b,ftcgrQrwuf&aomfvnf; rdrdwdkYtaejzihf tusKd;ûyonfhynmay; Xmersm;jzpfvmEdkifonf/ bk&m;ocif\rsufarSmufawmfwGif pnf;urf; pepfusí pnf;urf;ao0yfaomrdom;pkonf a&Tpifxufvnf;aumif;? Mozd&a&Txufvnf;aumif; tzdk;xdkufavonf/

       uREfkyfwdkY\tHhMozG,faomtvm;tvmrsm; – uREfkyfwdkY \t oufwmonf wdkawmif;vS\/ uREfkyfwdkYonf þavmuü wpfBudrf wpfcgomvQif touf&SifcGihf&&dSMuygonf/ ,if;uJhodkYtouf &SifcGihf& &SdpOf toufwmudktusKd;&SdEdkiforQ&Sdatmif toHk;ûy&rnf/ ac:awmfrl aomtrIawmftwGuf Opöm”e<u,f0csrf;omjcif;aomf

                                     pHjytdrfaxmif                            26

vnf;aumif;? avmuD&mxl;ESihftajctaeaomfvnf;aumif;? BuD;rm; aompGrf;&nfowådaomfvnf;aumif; rvdktyfyg/ vdktyfonfht&nf tcsif;rsm;rSm aus;Zl;ûywwfjcif;? udk,fpD;yGm;udkpGefYvTwfjcif;ESihf jrJjrHpGm pdwfjyXmef;csuf&Sdjcif;wdkYjzpfygonf/ rnfrQyifao;i,faom tvif;i,f jzpfapumrl wnfNidrfpGmxGef;vif;aeygu tjcm;rsm;pGmaomtvif;rsm;odkY ul;pufEdkifygonf/ uREfkyfwdkY\MoZmoufa&mufrItwdkif;twmonf usOf;ajrmif;onf[lívnf;aumif;? uREfkyfwdkY\pGrf;&nfowådonf ao;odrfonf[lívnf;aumif;? uREfkyfwdkYtwGuf tcGihfaumif;tcg aumif;enf;yg;onf[lívnf;aumif;? uREfkyfwdkY&SmrSD;qnf;yl;xm;onfh A[kokwrsm;rSm enf;yg;onf[lívnf;aumif; uREfkyfwdkY,lqaumif; ,lqayvdrfhrnf/ odkYaomf uREfkyfwdkYonf rdrdwdkY\tdrfaxmifü tcgtm;avsmfpGm ay:aygufvmaomtcGihfta&;rsm;udk tvsOf;oifh ovdk,HkMunfpGmtoHk;ûyygu uREfkyfwdkYtwGuf bk&m;ocifonf tHhMo zG,f&maumif;avmufatmif wwfEdkifawmfrlaMumif; od&Sdem;vnf vmvdrfhrnf/ vlYtoufwmtwGufcsrSwfxm;aom “r®usihf0wfpOfrsm;udk uREfkyfwdkY\tdrfaxmifwGif;üvnf;aumif; usihfoHk;ygu uREfkyfwdkYonf xm0&toufudkay;Edkifonfhwefcdk;&SdolxHodkY vrf;jyolrsm;jzpfMuvdrfhrnf/ xdkaMumihf uREfkyfwdkY\tdrfaxmifonf toD;tyGifhuif;rJhNyD; tqDtESpf ukefcef;aoGUajcmufaeaomajrBuD;ay:wGif tyifrsm;aygufí toD;tyGihf rsm;ESihfa0a0qmqmjzpfvmatmif ûypkysKd;axmifay;onfh a&vTwfajrmif; BuD;ozG,fjzpfvdrfhrnf/

         bk&m;ocifudkaMumuf&GHUaomrdbwdkY\MoZmonf rkefYn§uf oHk;wif;rQudkazmif;<uapaomwaq;uJhodkY rdrdwdkY\tdrfaxmifrS tjcm; tdrfaxmifrsm;odkY tusKd;ûyrIrsKd;udk ysHUESHYapMuvdrfhrnf/

         tdrfaxmifüopöm&SdpGmjzihfaqmif&Gufaomvkyfief;u ,if;vkyf ief;rsKd;udkaqmif&Guf&ef tjcm;aomolwdkYudkynmay;onf/ bk&m;ocifü

             xda&mufaomtdrfaxmif\MoZmoufa&mufrI    27

opöm&Sdaomoabmonf waq;ESihfwlí ,if;pdwfoabmudk toif; xJüxkwfazmfjyaomtcgwGif ,if;wdkY\pdwfoabmxm;onf tjcm; olrsm;tay:üoufa&mufrIjzpfay:um c&pf,mefbmomw&m;udkvnf; ae&mwumüaxmufcHaom axmufcHcsufwpf&yfjzpfaeayvdrfhrnf/ wufwuf<u<uaqmif&Gufaom c&pfawmf\ppfonfawmf\vkyfief;onf xm0&umvuJhodkY t”GefY&SnfpGmtusKd;oufa&muf\/ xdkodkY qdkvQif uREfkyfwdkY\toif;awmfrsm;wGif tb,faMumihfomoemûy  qdkif&mpdwf oabmxm; þrQavmufvdktyfae&oenf;/ vdktyfaeaom taMumif;rSm tdrfaxmifqdkif&m bk&m;w&m;Munfñdk0wfûyjcif; vspfvsL½IaomaMumihf jzpfonf/

       pnf;pepfr&Sdaomtdrfaxmif\MoZmoufa&mufrI – pnf;pepfr&Sdaomtdrfaxmif\MoZmoufa&mufrIonf ae&mtESHYtjym; wGif&Sdaeí ,if;tajctaeu vlYtzGJUtpnf;wpfckvHk;udk tEÅ&m,fûy aeonf/ xdkMoZmoufa&mufrIrSm raumif;rI’Da&t[kefxJüpkyHkNyD; rdom;pkrsm;? vlae&yfuGufrsm;ESihf tpdk;&wdkYxdcdkufepfemapavonf/

         avmuwGif olwpfyg;wdkYonf uREfkyfwdkYtm;owdrûyrdatmif aeírjzpfEdkifyg/ rdom;pk0ifwpfOD;onfvnf; tjcm;rdom;pk0ifrsm; rdrd\tûytrltaetxdkifESihfpdwfaeoabmxm;udk tav;rrl*½krûyrd atmif rdrdudk,fudkzHk;uG,f0Sufxm;zdkYrjzpfEdkifyg/ rsufESm&dyfrsufESmuJ trlt&mudkyifvQif olwpfyg;wdkYonf tqdk;taumif;tuJjzwfMu vdrfhrnf/ olYpdwfoabm? olYtajymtqdkrsm;? olYvkyf&yfrsm;? olwpfyg; tay:xm;&Sdaom olYoabmxm;wdkYonf xifxif&Sm;&Sm;jzpfí vGJrSm;rI r&SdEdkifay/ tu,fí olonf udk,fusKd;udk&Smaomb0ü&yfwnfaevQif olY0dnmOfonf a&m*gxlxyfaomavxk0ef;&Hxm;jcif;udk cHae&ayNyD/ tu,fí olYpdwfESvHk;onf c&pfawmf\cspfjcif;arwåmESihfjynfh0aevQif

                                         pHjytdrfaxmif                             28

olY0dnmOfonf ,Ofaus;pGmqufqHjcif;? oem;n§mwmjcif;? olwpfyg; wdkY\cspfcifwwfaompdwfoabmudk av;pm;jcif;wdkYudk xif&Sm;pGmjyoí cspfjcif;? El;nHhodrfarGUjcif;pdwfoabm? aus;Zl;wifwwfaomoabmESihf aysmf&Tifwwfaomoabmxm;rsm;udk vufawGUjyovdrfhrnf/ olonf a,½I&SiftwGuf touf&SifaeaMumif;? udk,fawmf\ajcawmf&if;ü aeYpOfaeYwkdif;oifMum;avhvmaeaMumif;? udk,fawmftvif;w&m;ESihf Nidrfoufjcif;udk&&SdaeaMumif; vufawGUjyovdrfhrnf/ ]]uREfkyfwdkYonf csD;ajr§mufjcif;odkYa&mufyg\}} [k olYtaejzihfajymqdkEdkifayvdrfhrnf/

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