Chapter 2—Fundamentals of True Homemaking

                              10

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        urÇmay:üqGJaqmifrIt&SdqHk;ae&m – om;orD;rsm;\ tem*wf aumif;pm;a&;ESihf ypöKyÜefaysmf&Tifa&;twGuf rdbrsm;wGif BuD;av;aom wm0ef rsm;&Sdygonf/ wpfcsdefwnf;rSmyif tdrfaxmifudk omom,m ,m&Sdatmif wwfEdkiforQwm0ef,lMu&rnf/ ,if;udpöonf Opöm”e<u,f0 csrf;omjcif;ESihf aiG&wwfjcif;rsm;xufomí *kPftoa& &Sdygonf/ tdrfaxmifwGif;odkYae a&mifjcnfrsm;xGef;vif;0ifa&muf ae onfhyrm tdrfonf omom,m,m&Sdae oifhygonf/ om;orD;wdkYonf i,fpOfu om,monfhtdrfaxmifwGif aexdkif& onfhtcsdefudk tjrJrjywf owd& aeapoifhygonf/ odkYrSom rdrdwdkYaecJh&aom tdrfonf aumif;uif EdkifiHawmfuvGJvQif Nidrfoufjcif;t&SdqHk;? aysmf&Tifp&m taumif;qHk;jzpf ygonfwum;[k awG;rdwdkif;yDwdjzpfaeMuvdrfhrnf/ olwdkYonf tcsdef t&G,fa&mufvmaomtcgwGifvnf; rdbwdkYtm;ESpfodrfh0rf; ajrmufjcif; r*Fvmudk twHkYtvSnfhûyMuygvdrfhrnf/

         aetdrfonf om;orD;rsm;twGuf urÇmay:wGif ESpfoufzG,f taumif;qHk;jzpfap&rnf/ rdcifESihftwlaexdkif&jcif;onfvnf; tom,m qHk;jzpfap&rnf/ uav;rsm;onf tuif;yg;í e*dkobm0tm;jzihf cspfzG,f aumif;Muygonf/ olwdkYtm;vG,fulpGmESpfodrfhapEdkifonfhenf;wl vG,ful pGm yif0rf;enf;apEdkifygonf/ rdcifwdkYonf arwåmw&m;a½SUxm;í El;nHh odrfarGU pGmvrf;ñTefoifMum;ajymqdkygu om;orD;rsm;onf rdcifESihfrcGJ rcGmEdkifbJ &SdMuvdrfhrnf/

       oefY&Sif;jcif;? oyf&yfjcif;? aeom;wus&Sdjcif; – oefY&Sif;pifMu,f jcif;? oyfoyf&yf&yf&Sdjcif;ESihfaeom;wus&Sdjcif; ponfhpnf;urf;ao0yfjcif; rsm;onf tdrfaxmifwpfckudk tkyfcsKyfpDrH

             ppfrSefaomtdrfaxmifwdkif;\tajccHt*Fg&yfrsm;   11

&mwGifrygvQif NyD;jynfhpHkjcif;r&SdEdkifyg/ rdcifonf rdrd\toufwmü txl;ta&;BuD;aom þudpöwm0efrsm;udk OD;pm;ay;aqmif&Guf&aom aMumihf om;orD;rsm;þcE¨mudk,fBuD;xGm;a&;udkvnf;aumif;? pdwfae oabmxm; jzLpifa&;udkvnf;aumif;? udk,fusihfw&m;&ifhoefa&;udk vnf;aumif; vrf; ñTefjcif;rûyEdkifygu 0rf;enf;p&maumif;aom trSm;wpfckyifjzpfygonf/

         c&pf,mefrsm;onf aMu;aiGOpömcsKdUwJhrI&Sdvifhupm; olwdkYcE¨m ESihftdrfrsm;udk xdef;odrf;&mwGif oefY&Sif;pifMu,frIuif;rJh&efroifhaMumif; oifMum;ay;&rnf/ oefY&Sif;pifMu,fpGmaexdkif0wfpm;rI\t”dyÜg,fESihf ta&;BuD;yHkudk em;rvnfoabmraygufaomolwdkYtm; ynmay;&rnf/ jrihfjrwfoefY&Sif;awmfrlaombk&m;ocifudk udk,fpm;ûyrnfholrsm;onf rdrdwdkY\0dnmOfrsm;? t0wftpm;ESihfaetdrfü&Sdaomt&mtm;vHk;wdkYonf oefY&Sif;pifMu,fpGmxdef;odrf;xm;&ef oGefoifay;&rnf/ odkYrSom trI awmfxrf;aqmifaom aumif;uifwrefrsm;taeESihf or®mw&m;onf toufwmüajymif;vJrIudkjzpfay:apcJhonfudkvnf;aumif; pdwf0dnmOf oefY&Sif;pifMu,fapvsuf&Sd&ef qE´&r®ufrsm;udkvnf; ,Ofaus;odrfarGU vsuf&Sdapaom taxmuftxm;udk &&SdMuayvdrfhrnf/ or®mw&m;udk vufcHNyD;aomfvnf; tajymtqdk (odkYr[kwf) trlt&mESihftaetxdkif wdkYwGifvnf;aumif;? t0wftpm; (odkYr[kwf) ywf0ef;usiftodkuft0ef; üvnf;aumif; ûyjyifajymif;vJjcif;tvQif;rQr&Sdaomolrsm;onf ocif c&pfawmftwGuf touf&SifaeMuolrsm;r[kwfbJ rdrdwdkYtwGufrdrdwdkY touf&SifaeMuolrsm;omvQifjzpfygonf/ olwdkYonf oefY&Sif;pifMu,f jcif;qdkif&m b0ü&yfwnfrItwGuf c&pfawmfü zefqif;jcif;udkrcH& Muay/

         vGefuJaom0wfpm;qif,ifrIudk a&Smifoifhaomfvnf; toGif tjyiftm;jzihfrlum; oyfoyf&yf&yf&Sd&rnf/ tdrfaxmifonfvnf;aumif;? tdrfaxmifom;rsm;onfvnf;aumif; oefY&Sif;pifMu,fí Munfhaumif;

                              pHjytdrfaxmif          12

½Iaumif;jzpf&rnf/ vli,fwdkYtm; olwpfyg;uJh&JUjypfwifa0zefjcif;ESifh uif;í bk&m;ocifESihfor®mw&m;\*kPfawmfudkxif&Sm;aponfh trIt&m vu©Pm ay:vGifatmif 0wfpm;qif,ifjcif;udk oifMum;ay;&rnf/

         oefY&Sif;pifMu,frItm;Oayu©mûyjcif;u a&m*gudkjzpfyGm;apay rnf/ zsm;emjcif;onf taMumif;r&SdbJray:vmay/ usef;rmrItjynfht0 &Sdonf[k ,lq&aom aus;&Gmrsm;ESihfûrdUBuD;rsm;wGif jyif;xefaoma&m*g a0’emrsm;jzpf ay:cJhrIaMumihf vltaotaysmufrsm;jcif;ESihf (odkYr[kwf) toif;tyif;tzGJU tpnf;? taqmufttHkysufpD;jcif;wdkYjzihf jzpfysufMu &rnf/ trsm;tm;jzihf ,if;a&m*ga0’emjzihf aoqHk;aomvlwdkY\aetdrf rsm;wGif zsufqD;wwfaom ydk;rTm;rsm;0ifa&mufaexdkifcJhMuí ,if;wdkY tdrfaxmifom;rsm;ESihfteD;ywfvnf wGif aexdkifMuaomolwdkYtm; ½ª½dkuf ap&efaoapwwfaomtqdyftawmuf rsm;udk avxJodkYrIwfxkwfMu onf/ ayghavsmhrIESihfowdrrlrIwdkY\qdk;usKd;rsm; ESihfywfoufí todynm acgif;yg;aejcif;udk awGUjrifae&orQrSm tHhMozG,f aumif;vSayonf/

       aysmf&TifaomtdrfaxmiftwGuf pnf;urf;ao0yfrIvdktyfjcif; –  bk&m;ocifonf pnf;urf;ao0yfrIr&Sdjcif;? ayghqjcif;ESifhpHkvifrIr&Sd jcif;wdkYudk ESpfoufawmfrrl/ þcRwf,Gif;csufrsm;onf BuD;av;aom raumif;rItEÅ&m,fjzpf\/ tu,fí cifyGef;jzpfolonf aeom;wus &Sdjcif;udkvnf;aumif;? pnf;urf;ao0yfjcif;&Sdonfh om;orD;rsm;udk vnf;aumif;? pepfwuspDrHxm;onfhtdrfudkvnf;aumif; vdkvm;aom olrjzpfygu ZeD;jzpfoltay:ü cspfcifjrwfEdk;jcif;rsm; wjznf;jznf; avsmhenf;vmvdrfhrnf/ ZeD;onfESihfrdcifonf pnf;urf;ao0yfjcif; udkESpfoufjcif;? rdrd\*kPfodu©mudkapmihfxdef;jcif;? aumif;pGmtkyfxdef;jcif; ponfht&nftcsif;rsm;r&Sdygu tdrfaxmifonf ESpfoufaysmf&Tif zG,faumif;atmif rûyvkyfEdkifyg/ odkYjzpfí tdrf&Sifrrsm;onf rdrd\

             ppfrSefaomtdrfaxmifwdkif;\tajccHt*Fg&yfrsm;   13

cRwf,Gif;csufrsm;udk ûyjyif&rnf/ ,if;cRwf,Gif;csufrsm;teuf tBuD;qHk; aomvdktyfcsufudk csufcsif;ûyjyifoifhonf/

       Edk;Mum;rIESihfêud;pm;rIaygif;xyfjcif; – uREfkyfwdkYudk,fudk `cGif;csuf r&Sd bk&m;ociftm;tyfESHvQif tdrfaxmif? tdrfaxmif toufwmvG,ful í omrefjzpfaomwm0efrsm;xuf ta&;BuD;yHkudk rSefuefaom½IaxmihfrS awGUjrif rnfjzpfNyD; uREfkyfwdkYtaejzihf ,if;wm0efrsm;udk bk&m;ocif\ tvdkawmfESihf xrf;aqmifMurnfjzpfonf/ uREfkyf wdkYonf Edk;Edk;Mum; Mum;&Sdí vlom;<u vmawmfrljcif;udk apmifharQmf aeMu&rnf/ ¤if;tjyif uREfkyfwdkYtaejzihf 0D&d,&Sd&Murnf/ tvkyf vkyfvsufapmihfarQmfae&ef vdktyfayonf/ ,if;ESpfckaygif;xyfrI&Sd&rnf/ ,if;uJhodkYaygif;xyfvkyfudkif jcif;onf c&pf,mefwdkY\pm&dwåudk csdefcGif vQmuJhodkYrQwapí aumif;rGef pGmzGHUûzd;xGef; um;apvsuf tcsKd;tpm; nDñGwfaponf/ tjcm;tjcm; aomtdrftvkyf[l orQudk vspfvsL½Ií bk&m;udktm½Hkûyjcif;? usrf;pmudk avhvmjcif;ESihfqkawmif; jcif;tm;jzihfom tcsdefudkukefvGefap&rnf[k b,ftcgrQuREfkyfwdkYonfr,l qyg/ yk*¾vdubk&m;a&;? w&m;a&;udpö rsm;udk vspfvsL½I&avmufatmif wpfcsdefvHk;oGm;vmvIyf&Sm;vkyfudkifae &rnf[lívnf; r,lq&yg/ apmihfjcif;? Edk;Mum;jcif;ESihfvkyfudkifjcif;wdkYudk aygif;pyf&rnfjzpfonf/ ]]tm;xkwfjcif; t&mrSm ysif;&djcif;r&SdbJvsuf pdwfwrf;ojzihf ocifbk&m; \tvdkawmf odkYvdkufí tm;xkwfMuavmh/

       vkyfief;NyD;vG,faomtpDtpOfudkxm;&Sdyg – tdrfaxmif trsm;wGif ZeD;jzpfolonf pmayrsm;zwf½I&ef? olrtwGuftodtjrif jynfhpHk<u,f0ap &ef? cifyGef;twGuftaxmuftrtultnDtaejzihfrp&ef? BuD;jyif;vmaom om;orD;wdkY\pdwfrsm;ESihfawGUxdrI&Sd&ef paomtcsdefrsm;r&Muay/ jrwfEdk; zG,faomu,fwif&SifESihf &if;ESD;pGmaygif;oif;qufqH&ef

                               pHjytdrfaxmif                             14

uREfkyfwdkYonf tcsdefESihfae&mray;EdkifMuay/ rdcifonf wjznf;jznf; tdrfaxmifü yifyef;pGmvkyfudkifae&aomoljzpfvmvsuf olr\cGeftm;? tcsdefESihfpdwf0ifpm;rIwdkYonf vkyfief;wGifysufpD;oGm;wwfavonf/ tdrfrSmyif{nfhonfjzpfoludk olrawGUjrifvmaomtcg rdrdudk,fudkûyjyif &rnfhtcsdefum; aemufusaeayNyD/ &ifaoG;i,fwdkYonf jrihfrm;onfh b0vrf;aMumif;xJodkYa&muf&SdEdkifrItwGuf wpfBudrfurdcifrsm;wdkYonf raqmif&Gufay;rdaomaMumifh ,if;tcGihfta&;rsm;wdkYonf xm0pOf aysmufuG,foGm;MuavNyD/

         tdrfaxmifOD;pD;wdkYonf aexdkifrItwGuf ydkrdkoifhavsmfaom tMuH tpnfrsKd;wnfaqmuf&rnf/ aysmf&Tifom,maomtdrfaxmif wnfaqmuf &ef oifwdkY\yxr&nfpl;csufjzpfygap/ tdrfaxmifqdkif&m vkyfief;rsm;aygh yg;ap&ef usef;rmrIudkwdk;wufaprnfh tpDtpOfrsm;wdkYudk rlcsxm;yg/

       tedrfhusqHk;vkyfief;rsm;yif bk&m;ocifvkyfief;jzpfonf – aeYpOfaqmif&Guf&aomvkyfief;rsm;jzpfonfh csufûywfjcif;? tdk;cGufyef;uef aq;aMumjcif;? xrif;yGJjyifjcif;? t0wfavQmfzGyfjcif;? vlemudkûypkjcif; ponfwdkYonf rvkyfvQifrNyD;aomvlrIa&;udpörsm;jzpfygonf/ edrfhus aomtvkyfwm0efrsm;udkyifvQif aqmif&Guf&efwm0ef,l&aomol&Sd&rnf/ ,if;rvGJa&Smifomaomvkyfief;rsm;udk wm0ef,lolonf rdrd\vkyfief; udk *kPf&Sdaomvkyfief;jzpfonf[k oabmayguf&efvdkygonf/ xdkvkyfief; rsm;onf rnfrQedrfhusapumrl bk&m;ocifonf aumif;uifwref *gajAv tm; yka&mzufrsm;xHodkY txl;udpö&yfrsm;twGuf apvTwfonfh  yrm rdrdonfvnf; bk&m;ocifütrIawmfudkaqmif&Gufaeonf[kyifo abmxm; &rnf/

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